The verbs section is arranged differently than the other vocabulary lessons on this site.  Instead of arranging words in terms of a theme, they will be arranged according to the type of object which they take.

The verbs on this page fit the pattern:

Verb + Noun/Noun Phrase

This type of verb requires an object.  If these verbs appear without an object in the sentence, an object must be understood from the context or have a resultative complement.  In English these would be called "transitive verbs"

An example would be the English word "hit".  You have to say what is being hit.  "The boy hits the girl", "The bat hit the ball", etc.  You cannot omit the object.  If the object is unknown you can use a generic object "something".

An exception to this would be when the object has a verb complement (an adverb describing how the verb is executed).  "He hits." is not acceptable, but "He hits well." is fine.  The same is true of the words in Chinese below.

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Mandarin Vocabulary
Verbs 1

 

gei3

to give

io

can1 jia1

to attend

參加

**

chang4

to sing

def

chu1

to exit

rc

zuo4

to sit

 

da3

to hit

 

du2

to read

def

hui2

to return

rc

fen1 xiang3

to share

分享

 

jie4 shao4

to introduce

介紹

 

jie3 jue2

to solve

解決

 

jiao1

to teach

def

guo4

to cross/pass though

rc

kao3 4

think

考慮

def

kai1

to open

**

ren4 shi4

to recognize

認識

 

zou3

leave/walk/run

 

zuo4

to be/ to do

**

zhu3

to cook

def

Notes

IO- This verb can take an Indirect Object
RC- Can take a resultative complement in place of an object
Def- The first choice in the box is the verb's default object

can1 jia1 can mean either to participate in something, or to attend it.

da3 has several functions in addition to the basic meaning of "to hit".  One common use is to refer to playing any sport where hitting is involved, but it does not refer to playing games where contact is not part of the game.

guo4 means "to cross", "to go beyond", or "to pass through".  guo4 sheng1 means "to die" because it literally means "to pass beyond life".

kai1 means both "to open" and "to start".  It functions in many ways, including as a resultative complement.  It is also the verb used mean "turn on" in refer to electrical equipment.

zhu3 fan4 means both to cook rice, and to cook any sort of meal.

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